Copyright Article

Copyright in E-Learning, MOOCs and Online Education Content in India

The digital transformation of education represents one of the most significant shifts in the organization of knowledge transmission that human society has undergone since the invention of the printing press. Massive Open Online Courses MOOCs delivered through platforms like Coursera, edX, NPTEL, Swayam and their many competitors, have made it possible for a student in

Copyright in Stock Photography and Image-Licensing Platforms in India

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The commercialization of photographic content through stock photography libraries and image licensing platforms represents one of the most mature and commercially sophisticated applications of copyright licensing in the creative economy. What began as physical libraries of transparencies and prints, laboriously cataloged and licensed through analogue processes, has evolved into a global digital industry worth billions

Copyright Protection for Fashion and Textile Design in India

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Fashion sits at an uncomfortable intersection in intellectual property law. It is simultaneously one of the most creative and culturally significant industries in the global economy and one of the least comprehensively protected by the traditional frameworks of intellectual property. The tension is well known and widely debated: fashion design combines artistic expression with functional

AI-Assisted vs. Fully AI-Generated Works – Where Indian Copyright Law Draws the Line

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The emergence of generative artificial intelligence as a practical tool for creative production has forced copyright law to confront a question it was never designed to answer: at what point does a work cease to be the product of human creative expression and become the output of a machine? This question matters enormously, for the

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Copyright Protection for Video Game Characters and Fictional Personas in India

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Few questions in intellectual property law generate as much commercial consequence and as little settled doctrine as the protection of fictional characters. A memorable character the hero of a beloved video game franchise, the protagonist of a globally distributed film series, the mascot of a decades-old animated property may be worth billions of dollars in

AI-Generated Content and Copyright in India – Who Is the Author?

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A poem written by ChatGPT. A painting produced by Midjourney from a two-line prompt. A news article drafted by a large language model trained on millions of copyrighted sources. A film score composed entirely by an algorithmic system without a human composer touching an instrument. These are not hypothetical scenarios from a speculative future; they

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Voice Cloning, Deepfakes and Performers’ Rights Under Indian Copyright Law

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Technology has always unsettled the creative economy and the law has always chased to catch up. But no technological development in the history of the entertainment industry has created as direct, as immediate and as commercially devastating a threat to individual performers as generative artificial intelligence voice cloning and deepfake video synthesis. These technologies do

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Copyright in Traditional and Folk Art Forms Under Indian Law

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India carries within its borders one of the most extraordinary concentrations of living folk and traditional artistic heritage on earth. Madhubani painting from Bihar, Warli art from Maharashtra’s tribal communities, Pattachitra scroll painting from Odisha, Baul music from the rural riverbanks of Bengal and Bangladesh, Gond art from Madhya Pradesh, Bharatanatyam and Kuchipuri and Odissi

John Doe orders in Indian IP law – Anton Piller, Mareva and identity-unknown defendants

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The enforcement of intellectual property rights has never been straightforward in any jurisdiction, but the particular challenge of acting against infringers who cannot be identified, located, or who are likely to destroy evidence or dissipate assets before a court can reach them has demanded a category of remedies that go well beyond the conventional interim

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Copyright Due Diligence in Mergers and Acquisitions – A Comprehensive Guide for Indian Transactions

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Mergers and acquisitions are among the most consequential transactions in commercial life. They involve the transfer of business value assets, revenue streams, operational capabilities, market positions from one set of owners to another, and they carry with them all the risks and liabilities that attach to the business being acquired. In an economy increasingly defined