Copyright Act – PATENEVO

Copyright in E-Learning, MOOCs and Online Education Content in India

The digital transformation of education represents one of the most significant shifts in the organization of knowledge transmission that human society has undergone since the invention of the printing press. Massive Open Online Courses MOOCs delivered through platforms like Coursera, edX, NPTEL, Swayam and their many competitors, have made it possible for a student in

Copyright in Stock Photography and Image-Licensing Platforms in India

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The commercialization of photographic content through stock photography libraries and image licensing platforms represents one of the most mature and commercially sophisticated applications of copyright licensing in the creative economy. What began as physical libraries of transparencies and prints, laboriously cataloged and licensed through analogue processes, has evolved into a global digital industry worth billions

Indian Performing Right Society Ltd. v. Eastern India Motion Pictures Association & Ors.

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Supreme Court of India | Decided: 14 March 1977 Civil Appeal No. 967 of 1974 Bench: Hon’ble Mr. Justice Jaswant Singh & Hon’ble Mr. Justice V.R. Krishna Iyer Citation: AIR 1977 SC 1443 | (1977) 2 SCC 820 | [1977] 3 SCR 206 Background The Indian Performing Right Society Limited, universally known in the Indian

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R.G. Anand v. M/s. Delux Films & Ors.

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Supreme Court of India | Decided: 18 August 1978 Civil Appeal No. 1031 of 1973 Bench: Hon’ble Mr. Justice Syed Murtaza Fazal Ali, Hon’ble Mr. Justice Jaswant Singh & Hon’ble Mr. Justice R.S. Pathak Citation: 1978 AIR 1613 | 1979 SCR (1) 218 | (1978) 4 SCC 118 Background R.G. Anand was a playwright, dramatist,

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Eastern Book Company & Ors. v. D.B. Modak & Anr.

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Supreme Court of India | Decided: 12 December 2007 Civil Appeal Nos. 6472 of 2004 & 6905 of 2004 Bench: Hon’ble Mr. Justice B.N. Agrawal & Hon’ble Mr. Justice P.P. Naolekar Citation: (2008) 1 SCC 1 | AIR 2008 SC 809 | 2008 (36) PTC 1 (SC) Background Eastern Book Company, a well-established partnership firm

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Copyright Protection for Fashion and Textile Design in India

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Fashion sits at an uncomfortable intersection in intellectual property law. It is simultaneously one of the most creative and culturally significant industries in the global economy and one of the least comprehensively protected by the traditional frameworks of intellectual property. The tension is well known and widely debated: fashion design combines artistic expression with functional

AI-Assisted vs. Fully AI-Generated Works – Where Indian Copyright Law Draws the Line

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The emergence of generative artificial intelligence as a practical tool for creative production has forced copyright law to confront a question it was never designed to answer: at what point does a work cease to be the product of human creative expression and become the output of a machine? This question matters enormously, for the

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Copyright Protection for Video Game Characters and Fictional Personas in India

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Few questions in intellectual property law generate as much commercial consequence and as little settled doctrine as the protection of fictional characters. A memorable character the hero of a beloved video game franchise, the protagonist of a globally distributed film series, the mascot of a decades-old animated property may be worth billions of dollars in

AI-Generated Content and Copyright in India – Who Is the Author?

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A poem written by ChatGPT. A painting produced by Midjourney from a two-line prompt. A news article drafted by a large language model trained on millions of copyrighted sources. A film score composed entirely by an algorithmic system without a human composer touching an instrument. These are not hypothetical scenarios from a speculative future; they

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Voice Cloning, Deepfakes and Performers’ Rights Under Indian Copyright Law

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Technology has always unsettled the creative economy and the law has always chased to catch up. But no technological development in the history of the entertainment industry has created as direct, as immediate and as commercially devastating a threat to individual performers as generative artificial intelligence voice cloning and deepfake video synthesis. These technologies do

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